Aÿgrid-connected photovoltaic power system, orÿgrid-connected PV systemÿis anelectricityÿgeneratingÿsolar PV systemÿthat is connected to theÿutility grid. A grid-connected PV system consists ofÿsolar panels, one or severalÿinverters, a power conditioning unit and grid connection equipment. They range from small residential and commercialÿrooftop systemsÿto large utility-scaleÿsolar power stations. Unlikeÿstand-alone power systems, a grid-connected system rarely includes anÿintegrated battery solution, as they are still very expensive. When conditions are right, the grid-connected PV system supplies the excess power, beyond consumption by the connected load, to theÿutility grid.